How does ARP work?Įvery device that is capable of handling IPv4 packets has an ARP table. This allows for the communication between the two end devices to be unicast. If a device wants to communicate with another device in the same LAN, it needs to know the MAC address of the other device’s network interface. In that case, the network has to resort to using MAC addresses for communication. A device that is not connected to the internet will not have an IP address. Switches are not configured for a standard that will allow destination decisions to be based on IP within the same broadcast domain. Why do we need ARP?ĭevices in a Local Area Network(LAN) are programmed to communicate using link layer addresses. As a result, ARP is said to be a link layer protocol. ARP packets are encapsulated by link layer and are distributed only in a particular network. ARP was defined in 1982 by RFC 826.ĪRP is a request-response or request-reply protocol in which one device sends a request to another device asking for some information, to which the other device will reply with the required information. The Address Resolution Protocol(ARP) is a communication protocol used to discover the data-link layer address(Layer 2 address like Media Access Control(MAC) address) associated with an Internet layer address(Layer 3 address like IPv4 address).
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